Lithium+DHABIB

Lithium DHABIB

LithiumDHABIB





Lithum Quick facts The transmutation of lithium to tritium was the first man-made nuclear fusion reaction. About.com
 * • Lithium is the third element in the [|periodic table], with 3 protons and the element symbol Li.
 * • Lithium is an alkali metal.
 * • Lithium metal burns white, though it imparts a [|crimson color] to a flame.
 * • Lithium does not occur free in nature, though it is found in nearly all igneous rocks and in mineral springs.
 * • Pure lithium metal is extremely corrosive and requires special handling.
 * • Lithium is the lightest metal, with a density about half that of water. In other words, if lithium did not react with water (which it does, somewhat vigorously), it would float.
 * • Among other uses, lithium is used in medicine, as a heat transfer agent, for making alloys, and for batteries.

What is Lithium as on the Periodic Table? Definition of the Lithium Element A soft, silvery, highly reactive metallic element that is used as a heat transfer medium, in thermo-nuclear weapons, and in various alloys, ceramics, and optical forms of glass. Lithium reacts with [|Oxygen] to form monoxide and peroxide and reacts easily with [|Hydrogen] at almost 500ºC (930ºF) to form lithium hydride. The [|Atomic Number] of this element is 3 and the [|Element Symbol] is Li.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Abundances of the element in different environments % in Universe 6×10-7%  % in Sun 6×10-9%  % in Meteorites 0.00017%  % in Earth's Crust 0.0017%  % in Oceans 0.000018%  % in Humans 3×10-6% <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Symbol of Element : Li <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Atomic Number : 3 <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Atomic Mass: 6.941 amu <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Melting Point: 180.54 °C - 453.69 °K <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Boiling Point: 1347.0 °C - 1620.15 °K <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Crystal Structure: Cubic <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Density @ 293 K: 0.53 g/cm3 <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Color : silver ||
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Li || <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The Properties of the Lithium Element

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Funny Facts <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Lithium is perscribed to people with psychotic disorders, including manic depression. It also was used historically to treat gout (which is a funny word.) As an anti-depressant, it's effects are proven over and over again. People aren't really sure why it works, it just does. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Lithium is usually mined from a lithium-bearing feldspar named Spodumene (which is a funny word too). <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Lithium has a huge heat capacity, and is pretty good in batteries. That's not really funny. Sorry. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Ummm... Nirvana has a song named lithium, that really has nothing to do with the element at all.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'times new roman',serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: left;">**History and Uses:**

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'times new roman',serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: left;">Lithium was discovered in the mineral petalite (LiAl(Si 2 O 5 ) 2 ) by Johann August Arfvedson in 1817. It was first isolated by William Thomas Brande and Sir Humphrey Davy through the electrolysis of lithium oxide (Li 2 O). Today, larger amounts of the metal are obtained through the electrolysis of lithium chloride (LiCl). Lithium is not found free in nature and makes up only 0.0007% of the earth's crust.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'times new roman',serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: left;">Many uses have been found for lithium and its compounds. Lithium has the highest specific heat of any solid element and is used in heat transfer applications. It is used to make special glasses and ceramics, including the Mount Palomar telescope's 200 inch mirror. Lithium is the lightest known metal and can be alloyed with [|aluminium], [|copper] , [|manganese] , and [|cadmium] to make strong, lightweight metals for aircraft. Lithium hydroxide (LiOH) is used to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere of spacecraft. Lithium stearate (LiC 18 H 35 O 2 ) is used as a general purpose and high temperature lubricant. Lithium carbonate (Li 2 CO 3 ) is used as a drug to treat manic depression disorder. <span style="display: block; font-family: 'times new roman',serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: left;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: 'times new roman',serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: left;">**Friends:** <span style="display: block; font-family: 'times new roman',serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: left;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: 'times new roman',serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: left;"> Two lithium (Li) atoms can bond with one oxygen (O) atom, making the formula **Li2O**. Oxygen likes to have two additional electrons to make it happy. Each lithium atom provides one. You can see that the oxygen atom has eight electrons (6 of its own, and one from each lithium), and the two lithium atoms have two electrons each. || || || When several elements come together it is called a compound. [|Compounds] can be made up of two [|atoms] or hundreds of atoms. There are even compounds that have the same number of atoms, but have different shapes. Those compounds with different structures are called **isomers**.
 * ||  |||| = Lithium Oxide =
 * = What Happens When Elements Combine? =

No matter what atoms are in a compound, they all want to be "happy". A happy atom is one with the right number of electrons in the outer [|orbital] (usually eight). That desire to be happy is why some elements only combine with a few other elements. Not all elements can make each other "happy". ||  || <span style="display: block; font-family: 'times new roman',serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: left;"> One lithium atom can combine with one fluorine (F) atom. Together, they make the formula **LiF**. Fluorine has seven electrons of it's own. Lithium gives up its one electron to make both atoms happy. So the fluorine atom has eight electrons, and a filled outer shell. ||   ||
 * = Lithium Fluoride =